Central and South America has the highest gentian biodiversity in the world.  This area has the highest number of endemic tribes (2; Saccifolieae and Helieae), endemic subtribes (1; Chironieae-Coutoubeinae), and endemic genera (45).

This page is under construction.

Adenolisianthus (images)

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Brazil, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Aripuana (images)

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Bisgoeppertia 

Species total/Latin America: 2/2.  Distribution: Caribbean (tropical). Tribe: Chironieae- Chironiinae.

Calolisianthus (images)

Species total/Latin America: 6/6.  Distribution: Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Celiantha (images)

Species total/Latin America: 3/3.  Distribution: Brazil, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Chelonanthus (images)

Species total/Latin America: 6-10/6-10.  Distribution: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Chorisepalum (images)

Species total/Latin America: 5/5.  Distribution: Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Cicendia

Species total/Latin America: 2/1.  Distribution: Chile (temperate, subtropical). Tribe: Chironieae-Chironiinae.

Coutoubea (images)

Species total/Latin America: 5/5.  Distribution: tropical South and Central America (tropical). Tribe: Chironieae-Coutoubeinae.

Curtia (images)

Species total/Latin America: 6–10/6–10.  Distribution: XXX  (tropical). Tribe: Saccifolieae.

Deianira (images)

Species total/Latin America: 5/5.  Distribution: Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Chironieae-Coutoubeinae.

Enicostema (images)

Species total/Latin America: 3/1.  Distribution: Caribbean coast of South America (tropical). Tribe: Potalieae-Faroinae.

Eustoma (images)

Species total/Latin America: 3/?.  Distribution: Caribbean and Central America (subtropical). Tribe: Chironieae-Chironiinae.

Geniostemon

Species total/Latin America: 5/?.  Distribution: Mexico (subtropical). Tribe: Chironieae-Chironiinae. 

Gentiana (images)

Species total/Latin America: 360/1 (Gentiana sedifolia only).  Distribution: XXX (temperate, tropical mountains). Tribe: Gentianeae-Gentianinae. 

Gentianella (images)

Species total/Latin America: 250/?.  Distribution: Andes (temperate, tropical mountains). Tribe: Gentianeae-Swertiinae.

Halenia (images)

Species total/Latin America: 80/?.  Distribution: Andes (temperate, tropical mountains). Tribe: Gentianeae-Swertiinae.

Helia

Species total/Latin America: 2/2.  Distribution: Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Hockinia

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Saccifolieae.

Irlbachia (images)

Species total/Latin America: 9/9.  Distribution: Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Lagenanthus (images)

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Andes  (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Lehmanniella

Species total/Latin America: 2/2.  Distribution: Andes  (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Lisianthius (images)

Species total/Latin America: 30/30.  Distribution: Central America and Caribbean  (tropical). Tribe: Potalieae- Lisianthiinae.

Macrocarpaea (images)

Species total/Latin America: c. 90/c. 90.  Distribution: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Neblinantha (images)

Species total/Latin America: 2/2.  Distribution: Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Neurotheca (images)

Species total/Latin America: 3/1.  Distribution: Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Potalieae- Faroinae.

Potalia (images)

Species total/Latin America: 9/9. Distribution: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Potalieae-Potaliinae.

Prepusa (images)

Species total/Latin America: 5/5.  Distribution: southeast Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Purdieanthus

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: XXX (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Rogersonanthus (images)

Species total/Latin America: 3/3.  Distribution: Venezuela,  (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Saccifolium (images)

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Brazil, Venezuela (Neblina; tropical). Tribe: Saccifolieae.

Schultesia (images)

Species total/Latin America: 15/15.  Distribution: + western Africa  (tropical, subtropical). Tribe: Chironieae- Coutoubeinae.

Senaea

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: southeastern Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Sipapoantha (images)

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Venezuela (Sierra Sipapo; tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Symbolanthus (images)

Species total/Latin America: c. 30/c. 30.  Distribution: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Symphyllophyton

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Chironieae- Coutoubeinae.

Tachia (images)

Species total/Latin America: 10/10.  Distribution: Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guyana, Guyana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Tapeinostemon (images)

Species total/Latin America: 7/7.  Distribution: Brazil, Ecuador, French Guyana, Guyana, Surinam, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Saccifolieae.

Tetrapollinia (images)

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: tropical South America (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Voyria (images)

Species total/Latin America: 19/19.  Distribution: widespread in Latin America (tropical, subtropical). Tribe: incertae sedis.

Voyriella (images)

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: tropical Latin America (tropical). Tribe: Saccifolieae.

Wurdackanthus (images)

Species total/Latin America: 2/2.  Distribution: Lesser Antilles, Venezuela (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Xestaea

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Central America, northern South America (tropical). Tribe: Chironieae- Coutoubeinae

Zonanthus

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Cuba (tropical). Tribe: Helieae.

Zygostigma

Species total/Latin America: 1/1.  Distribution: Brazil (tropical). Tribe: Chironieae- Chironiinae.

The classification follows Struwe & Albert (2002).

Floras

Drawings of species from Flora of Venezuelan Guayana